Step 1: Prepare the Pan : Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Grease a 9x5-inch loaf pan (or bundt pan) with butter or nonstick spray and lightly dust with flour.

Step 2: Cream Butter and Sugar : In a large mixing bowl, beat butter and sugar together using an electric mixer until light and fluffy (about 3–4 minutes). This step adds air and ensures a tender crumb.

Step 3: Add Eggs and Flavorings : Beat in eggs one at a time, mixing well after each addition. Add lemon zest and vanilla extract. Mix until combined.

Step 4: Mix Dry Ingredients : In a separate bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, and salt.

Step 5: Combine Wet and Dry Ingredients : In a small bowl, mix milk and fresh lemon juice. Alternate adding flour mixture and milk mixture to the butter mixture, beginning and ending with flour. Mix just until combined (do not overmix).

Step 6: Bake the Cake : Pour the batter evenly into the prepared pan and smooth the top. Bake for 55–60 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean. If using a bundt pan, baking time may be closer to 50 minutes.

Step 7: Cool the Cake : Allow the cake to cool in the pan for 10 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. Let it cool completely before glazing.

Step 8: Prepare the Icing Glaze : In a small bowl, whisk together powdered sugar and lemon juice until smooth and pourable. Add lemon zest if desired for extra flavor. If it’s too thick, add a few drops of lemon juice; if too thin, add more sugar.

Step 9: Glaze the Cake : Drizzle the glaze generously over the cooled cake. Let the glaze set for 15 minutes before slicing.